NUCLEAR PROPULSION

 

NUCLEAR PROPULSION

 

HOW DID IT START?

                               As we wonder the vastness and mysteries of our universe, there are numerous questions capitative in our minds. Questions like, "What lies beyond our known universe?" and "Is there extraterrestrial life in this vast expanse?" leave us contemplating the possibilities. The quest for answers to these quires can only be undertaken through the exploration of space. By venturing into the cosmos, we aspire to uncover the secrets that lie beyond and gain a deeper understanding of our place in the universe.

 

PROPULSIONS:

              There are mainly three methods of propulsion used for space exploration: chemical propulsion, electric propulsion, and nuclear propulsion. Chemical propulsion requires large amounts of fuel but has a lower specific impulse, typically around 400 seconds. On the other hand, Electric propulsion, is commonly used in outer space, and it may not provide sufficient thrust during launch. Here comes nuclear propulsion. Nuclear propulsion requires less propellant compared to other methods and results in a greater specific impulse, making it sustainably useful for space missions.

 

 

NUCLEAR PROPULSION:

            Nuclear propulsion encompasses two main types: Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (NTP) and Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP). NTP utilizes liquid hydrogen as fuel and employs a liquid propulsion system. In this process, deuterium is heated to produce greater thrust, and an attrition propellant is utilized. NTP typically offers a specific impulse of around 900 seconds, which contributes to its enhanced performance in terms of thrust generation.     

                 

         

               

         Nuclear electric rockets operate by ionizing inert gases, such as Xenon. These types of propulsion systems are mostly used in outer space, as they can generate thrust for longer periods and offer higher specific impulse, ranging from about 1000 seconds to 10,000 seconds.

               NTP cycle is based on solid core Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application (NERVA) class technology that is envisioned to provide a specific impulse (Isp) of 900 seconds doubling chemical rocket perform

         

               The DRACO project, jointly conducted by NASA and DRAPA, focuses on developing a Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (NTP) system. This advanced technology aims to enable faster interplanetary travel, such as reaching Mars in just 45 days. Whereas, chemical rockets typically take around 7 months to reach the red planet.

  Many projects based on nuclear propulsion have been developed over the past two decades, and several more are currently in progress. Some notable examples of such projects include DRACO, NERVA, NEXT, X-NTRV, and many others.